I have been reviewing what I wrote for my 2020 reading intentions and seeing what I actually did compared to what I wanted to do.

My Own Books
Sarah has said again that I have too many books piled up (Tsundoko) around the house. (Note to self, try not to buy so many books). Did manage to read 25 of my own books, but that isn’t enough. That said, I am allowed to get some more bookshelves! So that is a new year project to sort that all of that out and unhaul some books. I am looking forward to having all my Little Toller and Eland books together in one place too!

Even though bookshops and charity shops were shut for a sizable portion of the years in the various lockdowns, I have bought far too many books this year and the piles of books around the house have not diminished at all. I have bought one more bookshelf and that is mostly full. I am just about to buy another from Shelfstore as I thought the first was very good. In the end, I read 58 of my own books this year, many more than last year.

Review Copies
According to my spreadsheet, I have 124 outstanding review copies to read. Even though there is a lot of books on the two shelves that I have for them, I’m not sure if this is right as I counted way less than that on the shelf!!! I am grateful for every book I receive through the post from publishers, so thank you to you all. I fully intend to read and review as many of those as possible as soon as I can, but also see the blogging post below.

I have read 94 review books this year and whilst the outstanding total has dropped to 93, I am slightly embarrassed to still have review books from 2018 to read and review still. I have tried to keep on top of the books that I was sent or requested in 2020 and only have three outstanding.

Library Books
As I said last year, these places are a precious resource. Sadly, our present government seems hell-bent on eradicating them from our cities, towns and villages. I still have too many library books out, and will still keep getting them out too. The author gets a small amount every time a book of theirs is borrowed and for the reader, most books are free or have a nominal reservation fee. I am fortunate that I have two library cards, and I am going to try not to max each one out…

I read 42 library books this year and still have maxed out cards. Some things never change.

Female and BAME Authors
In 2018, 35% of my reading was by female authors. Had intended to raise that for 2019, but have dropped back to 33%. So will be aiming for 40% in 2020. I want around 5% of my reading to be BAME authors too.

Sadly I only managed to read 31% of female authors this year. I did manage to read 12 BAME authors too which I am pleased about.

Poetry
Last year I managed to read a poetry book each and every month and sometimes read more than one. I like poetry, even though I don’t always get it, so am going to try to read around two books a month in 2020.

I am pleased to say that I have read two poetry books each month and mostly I have enjoyed them. I do find them difficult to review though, I can’t seem to be able to get the deeper meaning that some reviewers can find.

Literary Awards
Will be aiming to read all of these again (Next year I might get to the Baillie Gifford list as I didn’t this year)

Edward Stanford Travel Writing Awards (I am judging the Adventure Travel next year)
Wainwright
Royal Society
Baillie Gifford
Arthur C Clarke

Did really poorly on these awards this year. It is the first year that I have not read the longlist for the Wainwright, but I do have the books so will be finishing off the three outstanding before the 2021 prize is announced. I had read one of the Royal Society and have Bill Bryson’s to read at some point. I had read one of the longlisted books for the Baillie Gifford but have not gt to any of the others. Not likely to read the winner though as I am not a fan of the Beatles.

The World From My Armchair Challenge
Managed to read 13 more books for this long term challenge bringing my total read so far to 44. I have been acquiring books for it though, and have a further 41 books on various bookshelves scattered around the house to read for other countries. I am still looking for travel books (or non-fiction) that are set in or pass through these countries, below. So if you know any, please do let me know.

Antigua and Barbuda
Brunei Darussalam
Capo Verde
Central African Republic
Chad
Dominica
Gambia
Grenada
Kuwait
Micronesia
Persian Gulf
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Sao Tome and Principe
Seychelles
Swaziland
Timor-Leste
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Balearic Sea
Ligurian Sea
Alboran Sea

I managed to read 20 books towards this challenge in the end. And found (and bought) a lot more!

Discworld

Managed two more from the Discworld series, but these are still to go:
The Wee Free Men
A Hat Full of Sky
Unseen Academicals
I Shall Wear Midnight
Snuff
Raising Steam
The Shepherd’s Crown

Please feel free to pester me to remind me that need to keep reading them.

I read four more books in the Discworld series. Nearly there.

Science Fiction
Only read two (yes two) science fiction books this year which I am ashamed of really as I had high hopes of getting more than that read. Aiming to read at least one a month.

I managed to read seven in the end, five less than I wanted to. But an improvement on 2019.

Blogging
I have always been a reader first and foremost and I get immense pleasure from reading and talking about books. It was reading that introduced me to NB magazine and the blog came off the back of that. After a lot of thought, I have decided that I am going to change the way that I am blogging. I am going to still be reading and reviewing on here and Good Reads and so on, but will be drastically reducing the number of review copies that I request as I can’t keep up. I am still happy to receive a book if a publisher or publicist still wishes to send them to me, but will not guarantee when I will get to read it. Instead, I have decided that I will either get the newly released books in 2020 from the library or buy them myself to read as and when I can. I will still take part in Blog Tours, but only a maximum of once a month as I don’t always like reading to a deadline.

Overall I am happy with how I did this year, but there were some disappointments too! All of the above still applies. I ended up doing more blog tours than I intended and have two lined up for January too!

4 out of 5 stars

A copy of this was provided free of charge from the publisher in return for an honest review.

We are living in an uncertain world at the moment, the coronavirus pandemic has changed people’s and governments priorities, then there is the impending climate change crisis that hasn’t gone away and here in the UK, we are almost about to embark on the disaster that is Brexit.

On top of that, we seem to have gained politicians who are even more shady and corrupt than usual, they have always lied, but the current crop seems to be telling massive ones nowsdays that are shouted into the echo chamber that is social media. They seem to be more grubby too, not only is nepotism and cronyism rife in our present government, but the people that back them crave secrecy and avoid the transparency that comes with knowing where the money comes from.

‘Many forms of Government have been tried and will be tried in this world of sin and woe. No one pretends that democracy is perfect or all-wise. Indeed it has been said that democracy is the worst form of Government except for all those other forms that have been tried from time to time.’ Winston S Churchill, 11 November 1947

Peter Geoghegan has been tracing this dark money to its sources and his findings are very worrying. There has been a massive concentration of wealth and power in the past 50 years and those that are donating their cash to political parties expect and demand certain things for their money. Their demands are starting to break our antiquated democratic systems, the fines that are supposed to keep things honest, are paltry compared to the sums sloshing around.

He begins with the LeaveEU organisation and unpicks the way that they used social media and vast sums of money to win the referendum and this theme carries on into the second chapter about the Bad Boys of Brexit and the third on the DUP and how they ended up with nearly half a million pounds to spend on the Brexit campaign from an unknown source.

The next chapter is about the European Research Group (ERG) who are a very right-wing section of the Tory party who sadly now seems to be in charge of things. He explains just how they are using the expenses system in parliament for us to effectively fund them. A lot of the money and influence on British politics at the moment is coming from America. Most of it is coming from hard right-wing individuals including Christian organisations who are funding populist and far-right groups all over Europe.

“Ankh-Morpork had dallied with many forms of government and had ended up with that form of democracy known as One Man, One Vote. The Patrician was the Man; he had the Vote.” ― Terry Pratchett, Mort

This book makes for grim reading. That is not to take anything away from Geoghegan’s research and writing, which is a diligent, brilliant guide through a shadowy world of dark money and digital disinformation stretching from Westminster to Washington, and far beyond. Follow the money is always the maxim, but in most of these cases, it always disappears into some sort of black hole. The main problem is that those that have benefited from our deeply flawed democracy have a vested interest in ensuring that it is still kept as it is. He does make some suggestions on how to start fixing the democratic system, but you need politicians in place that want to embrace that change; the present government has no desire to change, as it is highly likely that it would mean that they could be a generation out of power. It will either make you furious or despondent but should be counted as essential reading.

4 out of 5 stars

A copy of this was provided free of charge from the publisher in return for an honest review.

For most people, the thought of reading a maths book is not even something that they would ever consider. They had been put off maths at school and almost certainly have never done anything other than added a few numbers up or split a bill in a restaurant (when we could go to them). But in this modern world maths is the foundation of our modern society.

Every time you are online, you are using prime numbers to make secure transactions, we use AI in our phones and home to find and recommend music and lots of other things and we mustn’t forget the power that algorithms have over our lives that never seems to diminish. Over the past year, numbers have been a feature of our life as the pandemic has spread like wildfire across the world. We see the charts and graphs rising with the horrific death toll.

How this figure rises is covered in the first of the seven chapters of this book, exponential numbers. In here he looks at real-life examples of numbers that grow in the way from nuclear explosions to bank interest. The second chapter is all about risk as he begins with an email about his DNA after a genetic test with a particular emphasis on calculating medical odds and a lot on false positives and how to understand results.

The phrase, there are lies, damned lies and statistics is so very true. They are banded about a lot on the news by people who frankly have no place in repeating them nor have the first clue as to the statistic being quoted in a lot of instances. Thankfully Yates is her to clear the muddied waters in his Chapter, Don’t Believe The Truth. He starts with the birthday problem, which is how few people do you need in a room before you will find two people with matching birthdays. Discounting twins, the real answer is much less than people expect. He debunks statistics that papers use but explaining that you need context to understand increases in numbers, not just a percentage.

The next chapter talks about errors and how people can make simple errors when converting from one number system to another, i.e. imperial to metric, as well as making mistakes when miscalculating dosages and increasing them by tenfold. Maths ignorance is ripe for errors to be made and they can be life-threatening too. The penultimate chapter is on that modern joy, the algorithm. In here, Yates, explains how they do have their uses, i.e. by working out the best delivery routes and how some books on Amazon are priced in the millions of dollars because of an over-enthusiastic algorithm. The final chapter is all about disease. Cheerful stuff, I know, but maths can be used to model outbreaks and there is the clearest explanation of the R number I have read.

Bearing in mind this was written in 2019 before the coronavirus outbreak this is still quite a prescient book. For those that get break out in a sweat when they read x = 2y, they will be pleased to hear that there are no equations in the book. There is the occasional graph and all the way through there are clear diagrams and explanations as to what is going on and why it is happening in a particular way. It can sometimes be grim, but it is an endlessly fascinating book.

4 out of 5 stars

I gave my first pint of blood at the age of 18. There were two reasons for doing so, I had just started riding a motorcycle and thought I would make a moral deposit just in case and the other reason was that I could get 45 minutes off as they came to my workplace. I have given fifty pints before stopping for a variety of reasons. Several armfuls, in the words of Hancock.

Blood is the stuff of life. We have around nine pints of it flowing endlessly and continuously around our bodies for our entire life. It carries our immune system, oxygen and waste products around the body and yet for some people the very sight of it outside our skin can make them faint.

Removing blood from bodies to cure has been going on for centuries, doctors would think nothing of bloodletting people in the vain hope of finding a cure. A more repulsive way of removing blood is by using leeches, something that I thought had stopped ages ago, but they are still in use by medical professionals today. Her first visit on this bloody tour is to a leech farm in Wales where she meets the man breeding them for use today. It turns out that they are pretty much essential is operations where body parts have been reattached, if the microsurgeon is having trouble with the veins then he will use a leech; the way that they draw blood through to the reattached helps decongest veins.

George head back to her Oxford College, Sommerville to discover more about Dame Janet Maria Vaughan. It was because of her that blood transfusion, that removal of blood from someone else and passing it onto another person with the hope of saving their life became a standard practice. As well as giving life, infected blood can make the recipient of the donation ill. To see how it affects people she heads to the township of Khayelitsha in South Africa. She is there to try to understand why being a young black woman in Africa is a death sentence. The killer here is HIV and at the time the book was written South Africa had increasing rates of infection.

One of the more useful parts of blood is plasma. Unlike blood where a match in blood groups is needed it can be transferred between any two people. This makes it very useful and because of that, it gives it a high a value. In the UK we do not get paid for donations, this is considered the gold standard, but elsewhere money is offered for donations of blood and plasma. It is found that those that donate this way are sometimes less than truthful about their past medical and sexual history. There are lots of haemophiliacs who were passed infected plasma and now carry with them HIV. It is quite a scandal and it has really been brushed under the table.
Each and every month women menstruate. Even though there are TV adverts for various products for women in the UK, it is a taboo subject. In other parts of the world, women who are menstruating are banned from participating in normal family life and are seen as unclean until it has passed. She meets Arunachalam Muruganantham in India who saw what was happening to women at that time of the month and has developed a really cheap pad that women of all castes there can afford to buy.

There are lots of other things that George talks about in this very readable and endlessly fascinating book. Not only is it well written, but it comes across as well researched without feeling dry and academic. Quite a sizable chunk on menstrual blood – which is good, this subject should not remain hidden and shameful. If you like reading non-fiction books that explore subjects that you wouldn’t normally consider, then this, like her book, Deep Sea and Foreign Going about the container shipping industry, then this might be for you.

3.5 out of 5 stars

A copy of this was provided free of charge from the publisher in return for an honest review.

The image we have of spies has long been tarnished by Bond. It is not a glamourous job and often involves long hours watching and waiting for a target or asset to make a move. For those that collates the information gather from signals intelligence or actual observations have to try and place the pieces together is some semblance of order. This is not particularly easy, especially when you don’t know what the full picture is nor do you know if the snippet of information in front of you actually relates to the task in hand.

Somehow they manage to pull together a picture of what is happening. So how do they do it? One of the methods that they use is the SEES model

Situational Awareness
Explanation
Estimates
Strategic Notice

The first part is gaining a fuller understanding as you are able to of what is happening. The second part is a deep understanding as to why it is happening and the various motivations behind any parties involved. From that, you need to assess different scenarios of what might happen if events unfold in particular ways. The final element is the assessment of any issues that might affect the item under consideration, including events that might be considered as outliers at the moment.

Even though these four stages sound fairly simple, they can absorb a lot of time and effort and things still get missed. It is also important to think of all possible outcomes as the assumptions that are made are often not bold enough. In this book, Omand takes us through the process behind this system in ten lessons and provides lots of examples of how he used these techniques in his time in government and as the director of GCHQ.

It is very detailed, which is kind of what I would expect from someone of his calibre and experience in the role. There are some really useful lessons in here, especially the final lesson on digital subversion and sedition and that seeing is not always believing, especially with the sophisticated. Parts of the book did feel like there were more of a memoir of his time in various government departments and was loosely linked to the lesson being discussed. That was a minor detail though, there are lots of details to take away here and use.